The Big Bang Theory is an American television sitcom created by Chuck Lorre and Bill Prady, both of whom served as executive producers on the series, along with Steven Molaro. All three also served as head writers. The show premiered on CBS on September 24, 2007, and concluded on May 16, 2019, having broadcast a total of 279 episodes over twelve seasons.[3]
The show originally centered on five characters living in Pasadena, California: Leonard Hofstadter and Sheldon Cooper, both physicists at Caltech, who share an apartment; Penny, a waitress and aspiring actress who lives across the hall; and Leonard and Sheldon's similarly geeky and socially awkward friends and co-workers, aerospace engineer Howard Wolowitz and astrophysicist Raj Koothrappali.[4][5] Over time, supporting characters were promoted to starring roles, including neuroscientist Amy Farrah Fowler, microbiologist Bernadette Rostenkowski, experimental physicist Leslie Winkle, and comic book store owner Stuart Bloom.
The show was filmed in front of a live audience and was produced by Warner Bros. Television and Chuck Lorre Productions. The Big Bang Theory
received mixed reviews from critics throughout its first season, but
reception was more favorable in the second and third seasons. Later
seasons saw a return to a lukewarm reception, with the show being
criticized for a decline in comedic quality. Despite the mixed reviews,
seven seasons of the show have ranked within the top ten of the final
television season ratings, ultimately reaching the no. 1 spot in its
eleventh season. The show was nominated for the Emmy Award for Outstanding Comedy Series from 2011 to 2014 and won the Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Comedy Series four times for Jim Parsons. In total, it won seven Emmy Awards from 46 nominations. Parsons also won the Golden Globe for Best Actor in a Television Comedy Series in 2011. In 2017, the series spawned a prequel series, Young Sheldon, based on Parsons' character, Sheldon Cooper; it also airs on CBS.
The show's pilot episode premiered on September 24, 2007. This was
the second pilot produced for the show. A different pilot was produced
for the 2006–07 television season
but never aired. The structure of the original unaired pilot was
substantially different from the series' current form. The only main
characters retained in both pilots were Leonard (Johnny Galecki) and Sheldon (Jim Parsons), who are named after Sheldon Leonard, a longtime figure in episodic television as producer, director and actor. A minor character, Althea (Vernee Watson), appeared in the first scene of both pilots that was retained generally as-is.[6]
The first pilot included two female lead characters - Katie, "a
street-hardened, tough-as-nails woman with a vulnerable interior"
(played by Canadian actress Amanda Walsh),[7][8] and Gilda, a scientist colleague and friend of the male characters (played by Iris Bahr).
Sheldon and Leonard meet Katie after she breaks up with a boyfriend,
and they invite her to share their apartment. Gilda is threatened by
Katie's presence. Test audiences reacted negatively to Katie, but they
liked Sheldon and Leonard. The original pilot used Thomas Dolby's hit "She Blinded Me with Science" as its theme song.
Although the original pilot was not picked up, its creators were
given an opportunity to retool it and produce a second pilot. They
brought in the remaining cast and retooled the show to its final format.
Katie was replaced by Penny (Kaley Cuoco). The original unaired pilot has never been officially released, but it has circulated on the Internet.[citation needed] On the evolution of the show, Chuck Lorre
said, "We did the 'Big Bang Pilot' about two and a half years ago, and
it sucked ... but there were two remarkable things that worked
perfectly, and that was Johnny and Jim. We rewrote the thing entirely,
and then we were blessed with Kaley and Simon and Kunal." As to whether
the world will ever see the original pilot on a future DVD release,
Lorre said, "Wow, that would be something. We will see. Show your
failures..."[9]
The first and second pilots of The Big Bang Theory were directed by James Burrows, who did not continue with the show. The reworked second pilot led to a 13-episode order by CBS on May 14, 2007.[10] Prior to its airing on CBS, the pilot episode was distributed on iTunes free of charge. The show premiered on September 24, 2007, and was picked up for a full 22-episode season on October 19, 2007.[11] The show is filmed in front of a live audience,[12] and it is produced by Warner Bros. Television and Chuck Lorre Productions.[13] Production was halted on November 6, 2007, due to the Writers Guild of America strike. Nearly three months later, on February 4, 2008, the series was temporarily replaced by a short-lived sitcom, Welcome to The Captain. The series returned on March 17, 2008, in an earlier time slot,[14] and ultimately only 17 episodes were produced for the first season.[15][16]
After the strike ended, the show was picked up for a second season, airing in the 2008–2009 season, premiering in the same time slot on September 22, 2008.[17] With increasing ratings, the show received a two-year renewal through the 2010–11 season in 2009.[18][19] In 2011, the show was picked up for three more seasons.[20]
In March 2014, the show was renewed again for three more years through
the 2016–17 season. This marked the second time the series gained a
three-year renewal.[21]
In March 2017, the series was renewed for two additional seasons,
bringing its total to 12, and running through the 2018–19 television
season.[22]
Several of the actors in The Big Bang Theory previously worked together on the sitcom Roseanne, including Johnny Galecki, Sara Gilbert, Laurie Metcalf (who plays Sheldon's mother, Mary Cooper), and Meagen Fay (who plays Bernadette's mother). Additionally, Lorre was a writer on the series for several seasons.
Science consultants
David Saltzberg, a professor of physics and astronomy at the University of California, Los Angeles, checked scripts and provided dialogue, mathematics equations, and diagrams used as props.[4] According to executive producer/co-creator Bill Prady,
"We're working on giving Sheldon an actual problem that he's going to
be working on throughout the [first] season so there's actual progress
to the boards ... We worked hard to get all the science right."[5]
David Saltzberg, who has a Ph.D. in physics, has served as the science
consultant for the show for six seasons and attends every taping.[23]
He saw early versions of scripts that needed scientific information
added to them, and he also pointed out where the writers, despite their
knowledge of science, had made a mistake. He was usually not needed
during a taping unless a lot of science, and especially the whiteboard,
was involved.[24]
He sometimes needed assistance from Mayim Bialik, who has a Ph.D. in neuroscience.[24]
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