Sherlock is a British crime television series based on Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes detective stories. Created by Steven Moffat and Mark Gatiss, it stars Benedict Cumberbatch as Sherlock Holmes and Martin Freeman as Doctor John Watson.
13 episodes have been produced, with four three-part series airing from
2010 to 2017, and a special episode that aired on 1 January 2016. The
series is set in the present day, while the one-off special features a
Victorian period fantasy resembling the original Holmes stories. Sherlock is produced by the British network BBC, along with Hartswood Films, with Moffat, Gatiss, Sue Vertue and Rebecca Eaton serving as executive producers. The series is supported by the American station WGBH-TV Boston for its Masterpiece anthology series on PBS, where it also airs in the United States.[2][3][4] The series is primarily filmed in Cardiff, Wales, with North Gower Street in London used for exterior shots of Holmes and Watson's 221B Baker Street residence.
Sherlock has been praised for the quality of its writing, acting, and direction. It has been nominated for numerous awards including Emmys, BAFTAs and a Golden Globe, winning several awards across a variety of categories. The show won in three categories at the 66th Primetime Emmy Awards including Outstanding Lead Actor in a Miniseries or a Movie for Cumberbatch, Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Miniseries or a Movie for Freeman and Outstanding Writing for a Miniseries, Movie or a Dramatic Special for Moffat. Two years later, it won Outstanding Television Movie. In addition, the show was also honoured with a Peabody Award in 2011.[5] The third series became the UK's most watched drama series since 2001.[6] Sherlock has been sold to 180 territories.[7]
All of the series have been released on DVD and Blu-ray, alongside tie-in editions of selected original Conan Doyle stories and an original soundtrack composed by David Arnold and Michael Price. In January 2014, the show launched its official mobile app called Sherlock: The Network.
Sherlock depicts "consulting detective" Sherlock Holmes (Benedict Cumberbatch) solving various mysteries in modern-day London. Holmes is assisted by his flatmate and friend, Dr. John Watson (Martin Freeman), who has returned from military service in Afghanistan with the Royal Army Medical Corps. Although Metropolitan Police Service Detective Inspector Greg Lestrade (Rupert Graves)
and others are suspicious of Holmes at first, over time, his
exceptional intellect and bold powers of observation persuade them of
his value. In part through Watson's blog
documenting their adventures, Holmes becomes a reluctant celebrity with
the press reporting on his cases and eccentric personal life. Both
ordinary people and the British government ask for his help.
Although the series depicts a variety of crimes and perpetrators, Holmes' conflict with nemesis Jim Moriarty (Andrew Scott) is a recurring feature. Molly Hooper (Louise Brealey), a pathologist at St. Bart's Hospital, occasionally assists Holmes in his cases. Other recurring roles include Una Stubbs as Mrs. Hudson, Holmes and Watson's landlady, and series co-creator Mark Gatiss as Holmes' elder brother Mycroft.
Steven Moffat and Mark Gatiss, Sherlock Holmes fans with experience of adapting or using Victorian literature for television, devised the concept of the series.[10][11] Moffat had previously adapted the Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde for the 2007 series Jekyll,[12] while Gatiss had written the Dickensian Doctor Who episode "The Unquiet Dead".[13] Moffat and Gatiss, both Doctor Who writers, discussed plans for a Holmes adaptation during their numerous train journeys to Cardiff where Doctor Who production is based.[14] While they were in Monte Carlo for an awards ceremony, producer Sue Vertue,
who is married to Moffat, encouraged Moffat and Gatiss to develop the
project themselves before another creative team had the same idea.[15] Moffat and Gatiss invited Stephen Thompson to write for the series in September 2008.[16]
Gatiss has criticised recent television adaptations of the Conan
Doyle stories as "too reverential and too slow", aiming instead to be as
irreverent to the canon as the 1930s and 1940s films starring Basil Rathbone and Nigel Bruce, which were mostly set in the then-contemporary interwar era.[10] Benedict Cumberbatch's Sherlock uses modern technology, such as texting, the internet and GPS to solve crimes.[10] Paul McGuigan, who directed two episodes of Sherlock,
says that this is in keeping with Conan Doyle's character, pointing out
that "[i]n the books he would use any device possible and he was always
in the lab doing experiments. It's just a modern day version of it. He
will use the tools that are available to him today in order to find
things out."[17]
The update maintains various elements of the original stories, such as the Baker Street address and Holmes' adversary Moriarty.[18] Some of these elements are transposed to the present day: for example, Martin Freeman's Watson has returned from military service in Afghanistan.[19] While discussing the fact that the original Watson was invalided home after serving in the Second Anglo-Afghan War (1878–80), Gatiss realised that "[i]t is the same war now, I thought. The same unwinnable war."[10]
Sherlock was announced as a single 60-minute drama production at the Edinburgh International Television Festival in August 2008, with broadcast set for mid- to late 2009.[18] The intention was to produce a series of six 60-minute episodes should the pilot prove to be successful.[15][18] The first version of the pilot—reported by The Guardian to have cost £800,000—led to rumours within the BBC and wider media that Sherlock was a potential disaster.[20][21] The BBC decided not to transmit the pilot, requesting a reshoot and a total of three 90-minute episodes.[20][21]
The original pilot was included on the DVD of the first series. During
the audio commentary, the creative team said that the BBC were "very
happy" with the pilot but asked them to change the format.[15] Critic Mark Lawson
observes that the pilot that was on air was "substantially expanded and
rewritten, and completely reimagined in look, pace and sound".[21] In July 2009, the BBC drama department announced plans for three 90-minute episodes, to be broadcast in 2010.[22] Moffat had previously announced that if a series of Sherlock was commissioned, Gatiss would take over the duties of executive producer so that he could concentrate on producing Doctor Who.
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