Attack on Titan (Japanese: 進撃の巨人, Hepburn: Shingeki no Kyojin, lit. "The Advancing Giant[s]") is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Hajime Isayama.
It is set in a world where humanity lives within cities surrounded by
enormous walls that protect them from gigantic man-eating humanoids
referred to as Titans; the story follows Eren Yeager, who vows to retake the world after a Titan brings about the destruction of his home town and the death of his mother. Attack on Titan has been serialized in Kodansha's monthly Bessatsu Shōnen Magazine since September 2009, and collected into 31 tankōbon volumes as of April 2020.
An anime television series adapting the manga was produced by Wit Studio (seasons 1–3) and MAPPA
(season 4). A 25-episode first season was broadcast from April to
September 2013, followed by a 12-episode second season broadcast from
April to June 2017. A 22-episode third season was broadcast in two
parts, with the first 12 episodes airing from July to October 2018 and
the last 10 episodes airing from April to July 2019. A fourth and final
season is scheduled to premiere in late 2020.
Attack on Titan has become a critical and commercial success. As of December 2019, the manga has 100 million tankōbon copies in print worldwide,[5][6] making it one of the best-selling manga series. It has won several awards, including the Kodansha Manga Award,[7] the Micheluzzi Award,[8] and Harvey Award.[9]
The anime series has also been well received by critics with the first
three seasons being met with praise for its story, animation, music and
voice acting, and has proved to be extremely successful in Japan, U.S.,
Europe and Asia, thus boosting the series' popularity. Although it has
gained significant fame and popularity in Japan's neighbouring
countries, political interpretations of the series have caused
controversies in China and South Korea.
According to lore, over 2,000 years prior to the present day, a young
woman named Ymir Fritz came into contact and made a deal with the “Devil
of All Earth", becoming the first of humanoid giants, and imbued with
special powers. These creatures later came to be known as Titans (巨人, Kyojin).
Her powers were used by her King to establish the Empire of Eldia and,
in doing so, crushed the rival nation of Marley. When she died, her
titan abilities were passed on, eventually manifesting into Nine
individual forms; each with their own special traits. The power of the
titans was kept by the royal Fritz family for centuries.
One century before the events of the main storyline the 145th
Eldian King, Karl Fritz, became disillusioned by the powers his
ancestors had granted him and guilt-ridden over the destructive path the
Eldian monarchy had taken. He orchestrated his nation’s downfall,
allowing the nation of Marley to rise up in rebellion. In the process,
seven of the Nine Titan powers were stolen by Marley. Possessing the
Ninth Titan power, the power of the Founding Titan, Fritz took a handful
of his people across the sea to the island of Paradis to begin a new,
peaceful nation. He created millions of Colossal Titans to be used as
part of the construction of three curtain walls, each one named after one of Ymir Fritz’s three daughters: the outermost being Wall Maria (ウォール・マリア, Wōru Maria); the middle Wall Rose (ウォール・ローゼ, Wōru Rōze, sometimes pronounced like rosé) and the innermost Wall Sheena (ウォール・シーナ, Wōru Shīna, alt. "Wall Sina")
which housed the Royal family and was populated by the wealthy and
elite. Once the walls were complete, Fritz gave the outside world an
ultimatum: should war be declared on Paradis, he would release the
titans within the walls to flatten the earth. This, however, was a bluff
since Fritz revealed to his family that he had renounced all war. If
Marley eventually became powerful enough to overthrow Paradis, then he
would accept that. He used his Founding Titan powers to create a blood
pact which would instill this ideology in any royal family member who
inherited his titan, even if they disagreed with it before. Meanwhile,
Eldians who remained within Marley as second class citizens were treated
poorly, and any form of dissent or disobedience was punishable by exile
to Paradis: they were injected with raw titan spinal fluid, turning
them into mindless, man-eating ‘Pure’ Titans which would eventually find
their way to King Fritz’s walls.
Karl Fritz also used his titan power to erase the memories of
most of his Eldian citizens, with those unaffected either bribed into
nobility or made into outcasts like the Ackerman family and the Asian
clan. The power of the titans was hidden from common knowledge and fear
of them was instilled in the Eldian citizens to prevent them from
venturing outside the walls. As such, the Eldians on Paradis believed
firmly that they were the last of the human race, forced into
confinement by the ravenous Pure Titans. Unlike titans with powers, such
as the Founding Titan, Pure Titans have no awareness and function
purely on the instinct to consume humans; however, if one was to consume
a human containing one of the Nine Titan powers, it would inherit that
power and become a sentient human again. Unaware of this information the
Eldians formed a three branch military to protect its citizens: the Military Police Brigade (憲兵団, Kenpeidan)
who reside primarily within Wall Sina and protect the Royal Family and
elite, living a relaxed lifestyle which has resulted in instances of
fraud, corruption, and political subterfuge; the Garrison Regiment (駐屯兵団, Chūton Heidan)
who guard the walls and the civilian populace, though are known to act
lackadaisically since the walls themselves do much of the protecting
against titans; and the Survey Corps (調査兵団, Chōsa Heidan)
who trek into titan territory outside the walls in order to study and
cull them and attempt to reclaim land. The Survey Corps is heavily
derided within society because of their high casualty rate and little to
no progress in their objectives. All soldiers use a grappling and
tethering system called Vertical Maneuvering Equipment (立体機動装置, Rittai Kidō Sōchi)
that allows them to jump onto, and swing from, any tall structures
using gas canisters to propel themselves forward, though the equipment
is useless on flat ground. A box containing spare blades for their dual
swords hangs beside each thigh, and the blades themselves are flexible
and easily detachable, used solely for cutting down titans. Over the
past 100 years the Survey Corp has compiled characteristics of the Pure
Titans to aid them in battle. A titan's skin is tough and difficult to
penetrate and they regenerate quickly from any injuries, save for a spot
on the nape of the neck which is the one and only place where a soldier can make a fatal strike.
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